Lyric Poem · Nature
John Barleycorn: A Ballad
by Robert Burns
1THERE was three kings into the east,
2 Three kings both great and high,
3And they hae sworn a solemn oath
4 John Barleycorn should die.
5They took a plough and plough’d him down,
6 Put clods upon his head,
7And they hae sworn a solemn oath
8 John Barleycorn was dead.
9But the cheerful Spring came kindly on,
10 And show’rs began to fall;
11John Barleycorn got up again,
12 And sore surpris’d them all.
13The sultry suns of Summer came,
14 And he grew thick and strong;
15His head weel arm’d wi’ pointed spears,
16 That no one should him wrong.
17The sober Autumn enter’d mild,
18 When he grew wan and pale;
19His bending joints and drooping head
20 Show’d he began to fail.
21His colour sicken’d more and more,
22 He faded into age;
23And then his enemies began
24 To show their deadly rage.
25They’ve taen a weapon, long and sharp,
26 And cut him by the knee;
27Then tied him fast upon a cart,
28 Like a rogue for forgerie.
29They laid him down upon his back,
30 And cudgell’d him full sore;
31They hung him up before the storm,
32 And turned him o’er and o’er.
33They filled up a darksome pit
34 With water to the brim;
35They heaved in John Barleycorn,
36 There let him sink or swim.
37They laid him out upon the floor,
38 To work him farther woe;
39And still, as signs of life appear’d,
40 They toss’d him to and fro.
41They wasted, o’er a scorching flame,
42 The marrow of his bones;
43But a miller us’d him worst of all,
44 For he crush’d him between two stones.
45And they hae taen his very heart’s blood,
46 And drank it round and round;
47And still the more and more they drank,
48 Their joy did more abound.
49John Barleycorn was a hero bold,
50 Of noble enterprise;
51For if you do but taste his blood,
52 ’Twill make your courage rise.
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“John Barleycorn: A Ballad” by Robert Burns — quilloak.com/poems/john-barleycorn-a-ballad
Quick facts
- Poem
- John Barleycorn: A Ballad
- Poet
- Robert Burns
- Length
- 60 lines
- Form
- Lyric Poem
- Themes
- Nature, Sad, Love
Craft notes
How this poem works
Measured from the text on this page, not copied from a summary. Counts are approximate: syllables and rhymes come from the CMU Pronouncing Dictionary, which models General American English, so dialect, older pronunciation, and performance can all change what you hear.
- Shape
- 60 lines · 15 quatrains
- Line length
- Lines run 6-8 syllables (median 7). No single length dominates, which is normal once elision and contraction are in play.
- Refrain
- “And they hae sworn a solemn oath”Repeated lines act as the poem's hinge or drumbeat.
Want the rules this form is measured against? Read what makes a lyric poem, or run your own draft through the form checker to see the same measurements on your lines. How we measure · Report a mistake
Text, source & rights
A traceable edition
Full-text display is based on the committed source record and a United States term-expiry review.
- Author record
- Robert Burns1759–1796
- Source record
- PoetryDBJohn Barleycorn: A Ballad by robert-burns, PoetryDB transcription
- Display decision
- Full text · United States · reviewed 2026-07-18
- Publication record
- Not recorded in the imported source
- Text fingerprint
- SHA-256 04afb80e1fa747d5…
- Editorial handling
- Whitespace and stanza breaks normalized for web display; no material wording change recorded.
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